Comparison and application of single acting and double acting cylinders

the cylinder is one of the commonly used executive components in industrial automation, which is widely used in the transmission and control of various mechanical systems, especially in the fluid power transmission and hydraulic transmission systems. According to the working mode of the cylinder, it can be divided into single acting cylinder and double acting cylinder. This paper will compare and analyze the application of single acting cylinder and double acting cylinder.

single-acting cylinder

When the single acting cylinder is working, the cylinder has only one port in contact with the compressed air, and when the cylinder gas flows in, the pressure can only be applied on one side of the piston, and the reaction force of the mechanical system is accepted by the mechanical components, and the pressure will not be applied to the other port of the cylinder. Therefore, this type of cylinder can only be used for one-way action and cannot be used for force or motion control in both positive and negative directions.

In practical applications, single-acting cylinders are often used in situations where only one-way movement is required, such as door switch control and piston hydraulic pump control. The single acting cylinder is characterized by simple structure, small size, suitable for narrow space occasions, and has a fast response speed.

Double acting cylinder

The working principle of the double acting cylinder is different from that of the single acting cylinder. The double acting cylinder has two ports in contact with the compressed air. When compressed air flows in through one of the ports, the piston of the cylinder is pushed until the other port exhausts outwards. Conversely, when compressed air flows through the other port, the piston of the cylinder is pulled. Therefore, double-acting cylinders can achieve positive and negative force or motion control in both directions.

Double-acting cylinders are commonly used in industrial sites, such as industrial robots, iron and steel metallurgy and other machinery manufacturing industries, as well as jacking machinery, Marine engineering and automotive machinery are widely used in double-acting cylinders. The advantages of double-acting cylinders are high reliability, force or motion control in both positive and negative directions, and the ability to adjust the stroke, which can adapt to different work occasions.

compare

　From a structural point of view, compared with double-acting cylinders, single-acting cylinders have simple structure, small size, low cost, and fast response speed, but they can only achieve one-way force or motion control, and their range of use is limited. The double acting cylinder is more complex in structure than the single acting cylinder, the volume is larger and the cost is higher, but it can realize the force or motion control in both positive and negative directions, and the use is more extensive.

　　From the application point of view, the single-acting cylinder is mainly used in some unidirectional movement occasions, such as the switch control of the door and the control of a simple piston hydraulic pump; Double-acting cylinders are more suitable for situations where force or motion control is required in both directions, such as machinery manufacturing industries such as iron and steel metallurgy, jacking machinery, Marine engineering and automotive machinery.

　　In addition, from the practical application point of view, the double-acting cylinder has high reliability and has important applications in industrial production. In contrast, the mechanical structure of the single-acting cylinder is relatively simple, but because it can only achieve one-way force or motion control, it is easy to cause bottleneck restrictions in the corresponding application.

　　apply

　　According to the above comparison, single acting cylinder and double acting cylinder have advantages and disadvantages in different applications, here are some more common applications:

　1. Application of single acting cylinder

　　(1) Door switch control: for the opening and closing of automatic doors, such as supermarket automatic doors;

(2) Hydraulic pump control: used for piston hydraulic pump, hydraulic device control on machine tools, etc.

　　2. Application of double acting cylinder

(1) Crank mechanism and slider control in fluid power transmission system: used in steel metallurgy, Marine engineering and automotive machinery manufacturing industries;

(2) Control jacking machinery: used for engine and chassis jacking control in vehicle maintenance and inspection in the automotive industry;

(3) Industrial robots: used in the robot industry to control the movement of the robot arm in various directions.

　　conclusion

　　Through the above comparison and application analysis, we can conclude that single acting cylinder and double acting cylinder each have different characteristics, in different applications have their own advantages and disadvantages, in industrial production need to be reasonable selection and application according to the actual situation, in order to achieve the best control effect. Therefore, in the selection and application process of the cylinder, it is necessary to take into account the direction of movement, the size of the force and the response speed and other factors, and select the appropriate cylinder type according to the specific production needs.